The effects of an experimental programme to support students’ autonomy on the overt behaviours of physical education teachers     

Damien Tessier  Philippe Sarrazin  Nikos Ntoumanis 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2008,23(3):239-253

Although the benefits of autonomy supportive behaviours are now well established in the literature, very few studies have attempted to train teachers to offer a greater autonomy support to their students. In fact, none of these studies has been carried out in physical education (PE). The purpose of this study is to test the effects of an autonomy-supportive training on overt behaviours of teaching among PE teachers. The experimental group included two PE teachers who were first educated on the benefits of an autonomy supportive style and then followed an individualised guidance programme during the 8 lessons of a teaching cycle. Their behaviours were observed and rated along 3 categories (i.e., autonomy supportive, neutral and controlling) and were subsequently compared to those of three teachers who formed the control condition. The results showed that teachers in the experimental group used more autonomy supportive and neutral behaviours than those in the control group, but no difference emerged in relation to controlling behaviours. We discuss the implications for schools of our findings.  相似文献   

Conceptualising the heterogeneity of research-based spin-offs: A multi-dimensional taxonomy   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Philippe Mustar  Marie Renault  Evila Piva  Andy Lockett  Bart Clarysse  Nathalie Moray 《Research Policy》2006,35(2):289-308

Research-based spin-offs (RBSOs) have become an important aspect of the technology transfer process. Emanating from what is conventionally a non-commercial environment, RBSOs pose major challenges if they are to realise their potential to meet the objectives of their founders and the parent research organisations (PROs) from which they emerge. An important issue is to understand the heterogeneity of RBSOs. This paper reviews the literature on RBSO typologies to develop a taxonomy of RBSOs. We identify common themes in relation to these typologies in relation to (1) spin-off creation and (2) spin-off development. The dimensions that differentiate between firms are the type of resources, the business model and the institutional link. We identify gaps in current typologies in order to propose avenues for future conceptual and empirical research.  相似文献   

Display and interaction features of instructional texts and computers   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Philippe C Duchastel 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》1988,19(1):58-65

The design of instructional texts is an area of educational technology which is attracting considerable interest, much of it centered on the display of information and on student-text interaction. This article discusses whether techniques found useful in text design can be transposed to the display of CAL materials. Each medium has its problems and advantages; at present, little is directly transferable from one medium to the other. The computer-presented 'dynamic book' concept provides an example of how to combine giving learners control over the presentation with book-style indexing and browsing.  相似文献   

Museum Marketing: Competing in the Global Marketplace Ruth Rentschler and Anne‐Marie Hede     

Philippe Ravanas 《Curator: The Museum Journal》2009,52(1):124-126

  相似文献   

Modes of learning and profitability in Colombian and Mexican SMEs     

Luis Enrique Valdez-Juárez  Omar Javier Solano-Rodríguez  Dominique Philippe Martin 《The Journal of High Technology Management Research》2018,29(2):193-203

The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of different modes of learning on innovation and profitability in SMEs in two Latin American countries; Mexico and Colombia. The data were obtained using a sample of 250 companies in the industrial sector operating in both countries. Results show that an integrated mode of learning based on internal and external knowledge supported by technological infrastructure have positive and significant effects on the degree of innovation and the profitability in SMEs However this effect appears to be not significantly different from the traditional SMEs mode of learning based mainly on market orientation.  相似文献   

The impact of Nordic walking training on the gait of the elderly   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Khaireddine Ben Mansour  Philippe Gorce  Nasser Rezzoug 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(20):2368-2374

The purpose of the current study was to define the impact of regular practice of Nordic walking on the gait of the elderly. Thereby, we aimed to determine whether the gait characteristics of active elderly persons practicing Nordic walking are more similar to healthy adults than that of the sedentary elderly. Comparison was made based on parameters computed from three inertial sensors during walking at a freely chosen velocity. Results showed differences in gait pattern in terms of the amplitude computed from acceleration and angular velocity at the lumbar region (root mean square), the distribution (Skewness) quantified from the vertical and Euclidean norm of the lumbar acceleration, the complexity (Sample Entropy) of the mediolateral component of lumbar angular velocity and the Euclidean norm of the shank acceleration and angular velocity, the regularity of the lower limbs, the spatiotemporal parameters and the variability (standard deviation) of stance and stride durations. These findings reveal that the pattern of active elderly differs significantly from sedentary elderly of the same age while similarity was observed between the active elderly and healthy adults. These results advance that regular physical activity such as Nordic walking may counteract the deterioration of gait quality that occurs with aging.  相似文献   

Injuries in formal and informal non-professional soccer – an overview of injury context,causes, and characteristics     

Angela Gebert  Markus Gerber  Uwe Pühse  Philippe Gassmann  Hanspeter Stamm  Markus Lamprecht 《European Journal of Sport Science》2018,18(8):1168-1176

The objective of this study is to analyse context, causes, and characteristics of injuries in non-professional soccer. Therefore, a retrospective telephone survey was carried out with persons who were injured while playing soccer and who reported this accident to the Swiss National Accident Insurance Fund (Suva). Based on these data, an analysis of 708 soccer injuries was performed. The findings show that 30.1% of the injuries occurred during informal soccer play, and 75.4% of the injured persons were soccer club members. 53.0% of all injuries were caused by contact and 29.5% by foul play. Foul play was not associated with injury severity. With respect to injury severity, twisting/turning and being tackled by an opponent were identified as the most influental injury causes. Moreover, the risk of being severely injured was particularly high players of the 30+/40+ amateur leagues. In conclusion, the findings highlight that 30+/40+ league players are a major target group for the prevention of severe soccer injuries. Soccer clubs may constitute an appropriate multiplier for implementing prevention strategies such as fair play education, healthy play behaviours, and prevention programmes. Finally, a better understanding of injury situations leading to severe injuries is needed to improve injury prevention.  相似文献   

Self-belief does make a difference: A reciprocal effects model of the causal ordering of physical self-concept and gymnastics performance     

Herbert W. Marsh  Julien P. Chanal  Philippe G. Sarrazin 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(1):101-111

Abstract

A large body of research in support of the reciprocal effects model of causal ordering demonstrates that prior academic self-concept predicts subsequent academic achievement beyond what can be explained in terms of prior achievement. Here we evaluate the generalizability of this support for the reciprocal effects model to a physical activity context in which achievement is reflected in gymnastics skills on a standardized gymnastics performance test evaluated by expert judges. Based on the responses of 376 adolescents collected at the start (T1) and end (T2) of a gymnastics training programme, there is support for a reciprocal effects model in which there are significant paths leading from both T1 gymnastics self-concept to T2 gymnastics skills and from T1 gymnastics skills to T2 self-concept. Although there were gender and age effects (girls and older participants had better gymnastics skills, boys had higher self-concepts), multiple group structural equation models indicated that support for the reciprocal effects model generalized over responses by boys and girls. In summary, self-concept and performance are both determinants and consequences of each other.  相似文献   

Resource constraints as triggers of radical innovation: Longitudinal evidence from the manufacturing sector     

Marcus Matthias Keupp  Oliver Gassmann 《Research Policy》2013

Despite the significant role of radical innovation as a driver of firm growth and performance, the consequences of resource constraints for radical innovation outcomes remain unknown. Our paper addresses this gap. We combine arguments from entrepreneurship theory and the theory of recombinative innovation to construct an overarching theoretical framework that argues why resource constraints can promote, rather than impede, radical innovation. We then build hypotheses on two specific resource constraints, knowledge and financial, and test these by a lagged-variable random-effects Tobit model with longitudinal data from an exceptionally large and detailed innovation survey. Controlling for absorptive capacity, firm age, and firm growth, we find full support for the hypothesis that knowledge constraints spur radical innovation and partial support for the hypothesis that financial constraints spur radical innovation. We discuss the theoretical significance of these findings and point to managerial implications and paths for future research.  相似文献   

Engaging ADHD students in tasks with hand gestures: a pedagogical possibility for teachers     

Xiao‐lei Wang  Philippe Eberhard 《Educational studies》2004,30(3):217-229

This study examines the effects of teachers' speech and hand gestures on the task performances of students with Attention‐Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Forty‐five 7½‐year‐old students clinically diagnosed with ADHD participated in the study. The students were asked to solve three sets of puzzles. The teachers supported the students in the tasks by using three different scaffolding modalities: speech‐only, gesture‐only and speech in conjunction with gestures. The results indicate that when the teachers used the scaffolding that contained gesture components (either speech scaffolding in conjunction with gesture scaffolding or gesture‐only scaffolding), the ADHD students were more responsive, focused longer on the tasks and were more successful in completing the tasks. Moreover, teachers' representational and deictic gestures were found to be the most effective gestures in scaffolding. This study suggests that when teachers' hand gestures are used together with speech, they are a powerful pedagogical means to engage ADHD children in tasks.  相似文献